Dear Focus Reader,

Following months of diplomatic efforts aimed at setting the stage for a meeting between Presidents Joe Biden and Xi Jinping, the two leaders finally convened at the APEC Summit south of San Francisco this week, their first in-person meeting since November of last year.

The long-anticipated summit aimed to ease tensions and establish vital communication channels between China and the U.S., with both leaders agreeing to "pick up the phone" during periods of disagreements.

In their discussions, Xi emphasized China's interest in de-escalating tensions, but noted his objections to U.S. actions he sees as aimed at stifling China's development, such as export controls on semiconductors and other strategically sensitive technologies.

While acknowledging the improvement in relations, Biden also stressed a "trust but verify" approach, echoing the need for cautious optimism. He said that the U.S. remains committed to high trade standards and partnerships in the Pacific, while recognizing ongoing differences with China, offering alternative options for businesses in the region.

The heads of state also made agreements on curbing fentanyl production and restoring military-to-military communication, which were celebrated as important steps forward. Scheduled passenger flights between China and the U.S. will also increase starting from early 2024, and China is ready to invite some 50,000 students over the next five years.

However, underlying challenges persist, with Biden referring to Xi as a "dictator" in a press conference following the meeting, leading to frustration from Beijing, despite constructive talks.

For now, stay up to date on the latest developments in the China-U.S. relationship by catching up on our latest Focus content, including content on the Xi-Biden summit, the future of the China-U.S. relationship, and what the heads-of-state must do to work together.

- Team Focus