The conflict and its surrounding issues are characterized by a series of interconnected paradoxes, none of which comes with a simple, direct or rapid solution. The United States and Iran appear destined for a prolonged strategic contest.

What the U.S. president needs is not another, more intense round of airstrikes but a cease-fire formula that every side can sell at home.

Great powers have long made policy toward an imagined Iran—one that none of them had the patience to truly understand. Now, the great powers must rely on deep understanding, mutual respect and presence. But presence is precisely what Washington and Beijing lack.

The U.S.-Iran memorandum of understanding is only a political commitment and carries no legally binding force. What truly matters is whether the two sides can conclude a formal peace agreement within the 60-day negotiating period. Three formidable hurdles stand in the way.

Israel is using its wealth—accumulated through technology—to prop up a new vision of territory. But there’s a price to pay. Ultimately, land obsession is harder to remove than politicians expect. It resides not on maps, but in the deepest fissures of national memory.

Iraq once again stands at a dangerous crossroads. Trapped in a fragmented power‑sharing system and caught between security dependence on the United States and economic subordination to Iran, the finding a path to national reconstruction.

The ongoing conflict involving the United States, Israel, and Iran represents one of the most significant geopolitical crises of 2026. It began in late February when U.S. and Israeli forces launched large-scale strikes on Iranian military and nuclear infrastructure, escalating long-standing tensions over Iran’s nuclear program and regional influence. Iran responded with missile and drone attacks across the Middle East, targeting U.S. bases and allied interests, turning the confrontation into a broader regional war. The conflict has disrupted global energy markets, intensified regional instability, and triggered fragile ceasefire efforts, highlighting the risk of prolonged confrontation and wider international consequences.

Even as Israeli bombs rained down on Lebanon, most of the world breathed a cautious sigh of relief when news broke that Pakistan had mediated a ceasefire between the United States and Iran, with the goal of reopening the Strait of Hormuz.

The U.S.-Iran conflict is increasing instability and straining U.S. resources while undermining Washington’s global credibility and leadership. At the same time, China is capitalizing on the situation by positioning itself as a neutral, stabilizing force and expanding its diplomatic influence at the United States’ expense.

The U.S.-Israel war on Iran has brought many lessons, foremost among them the shattering of the myth of unchallenged U.S. global might. More than a month into the U.S.-Israeli aggression, neither could the war change the regime in Iran – one of the illusions upon which U.S. President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu had waged the war – nor did Tehran concede to U.S. terms. Furthermore, on 2 March, Iran blocked the Strait of Hormuz, through which around one-fifth of the world’s oil supplies pass. This energy lifeline remained blocked despite Trump’s repeated ultimatums and desperate calls to allies and partners to send forces to reopen it. This resistance was particularly notable as Iran has been under crippling sanctions for decades.